/*
 * Copyright (C) Marius Gripsgard <marius@ubports.com>
 * Copyright (C) Canonical Ltd.
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or 3,
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 */

#ifndef MIR_FRONTEND_XCB_CONNECTION_H
#define MIR_FRONTEND_XCB_CONNECTION_H

#include <mir/geometry/point.h>
#include <mir/geometry/size.h>
#include <mir/fatal.h>
#include <mir/fd.h>
#include <mir/log.h>

#include <xcb/xcb.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <functional>
#include <mutex>
#include <atomic>
#include <optional>

namespace mir
{
namespace frontend
{
/// Types for window properties
enum class XCBType
{
    ATOM,
    WINDOW,
    CARDINAL32, ///< also known as an unsigned int
    INTEGER32,  ///< signed int
    STRING,
    UTF8_STRING,
    WM_STATE,
    WM_PROTOCOLS,
    INCR,
};

template<XCBType T> struct NativeXCBType                { typedef void type;};
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::ATOM>          { typedef xcb_atom_t type; };
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::WINDOW>        { typedef xcb_window_t type; };
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::CARDINAL32>    { typedef uint32_t type; };
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::INTEGER32>     { typedef int32_t type; };
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::STRING>        { typedef char type; };
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::UTF8_STRING>   { typedef char type; };
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::WM_STATE>      { typedef uint32_t type; };
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::WM_PROTOCOLS>  { typedef uint32_t type; };
// https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.6/doc/xorg-docs/specs/ICCCM/icccm.html#incr_properties:
// "The contents of the INCR property will be an integer"
template<> struct NativeXCBType<XCBType::INCR>          { typedef int32_t type; };

class XCBConnection
{
private:
    Fd const fd;
    xcb_connection_t* const xcb_connection;
    xcb_screen_t* const xcb_screen;

    std::mutex mutable atom_name_cache_mutex;
    std::unordered_map<xcb_atom_t, std::string> mutable atom_name_cache;

public:
    class Atom
    {
    public:
        /// Context should outlive the atom
        Atom(std::string const& name, XCBConnection* connection);
        operator xcb_atom_t() const;

    private:
        Atom(Atom&) = delete;
        Atom& operator=(Atom&) = delete;

        XCBConnection* const connection;
        std::string const name_;
        xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t const cookie;
        std::mutex mutable mutex;

        /// Accessed locklessly, but only set under lock
        /// Once set to a value other than XCB_ATOM_NONE, not changed again
        std::atomic<xcb_atom_t> mutable atom{XCB_ATOM_NONE};
    };

    struct Error
    {
        Error() = default;
        Error(Error const&) = delete;
        auto operator=(Error const&) -> Error const& = delete;
        ~Error()
        {
            if (ptr)
            {
                std::free(ptr);
            }
        }

        xcb_generic_error_t* ptr{nullptr};
    };

    template<typename T>
    class Handler
    {
    public:
        Handler(std::function<void(T const& value)>&& on_success)
            : on_success{std::move(on_success)},
              on_error{[](std::string const& message)
                  {
                      log_error("XCB error: %s", message.c_str());
                  }}
        {
        }

        Handler(
            std::function<void(T const& value)>&& on_success,
            std::function<void(std::string const& message)>&& on_error)
            : on_success{std::move(on_success)},
              on_error{std::move(on_error)}
        {
        }

        std::function<void(T const& value)> on_success;
        std::function<void(std::string const& message)> on_error;
    };

    explicit XCBConnection(Fd const& fd);
    ~XCBConnection();

    /// Throws if the connection has been shut down
    void verify_not_in_error_state() const;

    operator xcb_connection_t*() const { return xcb_connection; }
    auto screen() const -> xcb_screen_t* { return xcb_screen; }
    auto root_window() const -> xcb_window_t { return xcb_screen->root; }

    /// Looks up an atom's name, or requests it from the X server if it is not already cached
    auto query_name(xcb_atom_t atom) const -> std::string;
    auto reply_contains_string_data(xcb_get_property_reply_t const* reply) const -> bool;
    auto string_from(xcb_get_property_reply_t const* reply) const -> std::string;

    /// If the window was created by us
    auto is_ours(xcb_window_t window) const -> bool;

    /// Read a single property of various types from the window
    /// Returns a function that will wait on the reply before calling action()
    /// @{
    auto read_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t prop,
        bool delete_after_read,
        uint32_t max_length,
        Handler<xcb_get_property_reply_t*>&& handler) const -> std::function<void()>;

    auto read_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t prop,
        Handler<xcb_get_property_reply_t*>&& handler) const -> std::function<void()>;

    auto read_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t prop,
        Handler<std::string> handler) const -> std::function<void()>;

    auto read_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t prop,
        Handler<uint32_t> handler) const -> std::function<void()>;

    auto read_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t prop,
        Handler<int32_t> handler) const -> std::function<void()>;

    auto read_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t prop,
        Handler<std::vector<uint32_t>> handler) const -> std::function<void()>;

    auto read_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t prop,
        Handler<std::vector<int32_t>> handler) const -> std::function<void()>;
    /// @}

    /// Set X11 window properties
    /// Safer and more fun than the C-style function provided by XCB
    /// @{
    template<XCBType type, typename T>
    inline void set_property(xcb_window_t window, xcb_atom_t property, T data) const
    {
        set_property<type>(window, property, 1, &data);
    }

    template<XCBType type, typename T, size_t length>
    inline void set_property(xcb_window_t window, xcb_atom_t property, T(&data)[length]) const
    {
        set_property<type>(window, property, length, data);
    }

    template<XCBType type, typename T>
    inline void set_property(xcb_window_t window, xcb_atom_t property, std::vector<T> const& data) const
    {
        set_property<type>(window, property, data.size(), data.data());
    }

    template<XCBType type>
    inline void set_property(xcb_window_t window, xcb_atom_t property, std::string const& data) const
    {
        static_assert(
            type == XCBType::STRING || type == XCBType::UTF8_STRING,
            "String data should only be used with a string type");
        set_property<type>(window, property, data.size(), data.c_str());
    }
    /// @}

    /// Delete an X11 window property
    inline void delete_property(xcb_window_t window, xcb_atom_t property) const
    {
        xcb_delete_property(xcb_connection, window, property);
    }

    /// Wrapper around xcb_configure_window
    void configure_window(
        xcb_window_t window,
        std::optional<geometry::Point> position,
        std::optional<geometry::Size> size,
        std::optional<xcb_window_t> sibling,
        std::optional<xcb_stack_mode_t> stack_mode) const;

    /// Query the process ID of the client that created the given window
    auto query_client_pid(
	xcb_window_t window,
	Handler<uint32_t> handler) const -> std::function<void()>;

    /// Send client message
    /// @{
    template<XCBType type, typename T, size_t length>
    void send_client_message(xcb_window_t window, uint32_t event_mask, T(&data)[length]) const
    {
        static_assert(length * sizeof(T) <= sizeof(xcb_client_message_data_t), "Too much data");
        send_client_message<type>(window, event_mask, length, data);
    }
    /// @}

    inline void flush() const
    {
        xcb_flush(xcb_connection);
    }

    /// Create strings for debug messages
    /// @{
    auto reply_debug_string(xcb_get_property_reply_t* reply) const -> std::string;
    auto client_message_debug_string(xcb_client_message_event_t* event) const -> std::string;
    auto window_debug_string(xcb_window_t window) const -> std::string;
    auto error_debug_string(xcb_generic_error_t* error) const -> std::string;
    /// @}

#define DECLARE_ATOM(name) Atom const name{#name, this}

    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_PROTOCOLS);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_TAKE_FOCUS);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_DELETE_WINDOW);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_STATE);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_HINTS);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_CHANGE_STATE);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_NORMAL_HINTS);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WM_S0);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_CM_S0);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_NAME);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_STATE);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_STATE_MAXIMIZED_VERT);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_STATE_MAXIMIZED_HORZ);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_USER_TIME);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_ICON_NAME);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_DESKTOP);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DESKTOP);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_MENU);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DROPDOWN_MENU);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_POPUP_MENU);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLTIP);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NOTIFICATION);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_COMBO);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DND);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_WM_MOVERESIZE);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_SUPPORTED);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_CLIENT_LIST);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_NET_CLIENT_LIST_STACKING);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_MOTIF_WM_HINTS);
    DECLARE_ATOM(CLIPBOARD);
    DECLARE_ATOM(CLIPBOARD_MANAGER);
    DECLARE_ATOM(UTF8_STRING);
    DECLARE_ATOM(TEXT);
    DECLARE_ATOM(COMPOUND_TEXT);
    DECLARE_ATOM(TIMESTAMP);
    DECLARE_ATOM(TARGETS);
    DECLARE_ATOM(INCR);
    DECLARE_ATOM(_WL_SELECTION);
    DECLARE_ATOM(WL_SURFACE_ID);

#undef DECLARE_ATOM

private:
    XCBConnection(XCBConnection&) = delete;
    XCBConnection& operator=(XCBConnection&) = delete;

    auto xcb_type_atom(XCBType type) const -> xcb_atom_t;

    template<XCBType type>
    static inline constexpr uint8_t xcb_type_format()
    {
        static_assert(!std::is_same_v<typename NativeXCBType<type>::type, void>, "Missing Native specialization");
        auto const format = sizeof(typename NativeXCBType<type>::type) * 8;
        static_assert(format == 8 || format == 16 || format == 32, "Invalid format");
        return format;
    }

    template<XCBType type, typename T>
    static inline void validate_xcb_type()
    {
        // Accidentally sending a pointer instead of the actual data is an easy error to make
        static_assert(!std::is_pointer_v<T>, "Data type should not be a pointer");
        static_assert(!std::is_same_v<typename NativeXCBType<type>::type, void>, "Missing Native specialization");
        static_assert(std::is_same_v<typename NativeXCBType<type>::type, T>, "Specified type does not match data type");
    }

    template<XCBType type, typename T>
    inline void set_property(
        xcb_window_t window,
        xcb_atom_t property,
        size_t length,
        T const* data) const
    {
        validate_xcb_type<type, T>();
        xcb_change_property(
            xcb_connection,
            XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE,
            window,
            property,
            xcb_type_atom(type),
            xcb_type_format<type>(),
            length,
            data);
    }

    template<typename T, size_t dest_len>
    static inline void copy_into_array(T(&dest)[dest_len], size_t src_len, T const* src)
    {
        if (src_len > dest_len)
        {
            MIR_FATAL_ERROR("{} elements of data does not fit in {} element long array", src_len, dest_len);
        }
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < src_len; i++)
        {
            dest[i] = src[i];
        }
    }

    static inline void set_client_message_data(xcb_client_message_data_t& dest, size_t length, uint8_t const* source)
    {
        copy_into_array(dest.data8, length, source);
    }

    static inline void set_client_message_data(xcb_client_message_data_t& dest, size_t length, uint16_t const* source)
    {
        copy_into_array(dest.data16, length, source);
    }

    static inline void set_client_message_data(xcb_client_message_data_t& dest, size_t length, uint32_t const* source)
    {
        copy_into_array(dest.data32, length, source);
    }

    template<XCBType type, typename T>
    void send_client_message(xcb_window_t window, uint32_t event_mask, size_t length, T const* data) const
    {
        validate_xcb_type<type, T>();
        xcb_client_message_event_t event;
        event.response_type = XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE;
        event.format = xcb_type_format<type>();
        event.sequence = 0; // Sequence is apparently ignored
        event.window = window;
        event.type = xcb_type_atom(type);
        event.data = {{uint32_t{0}, uint32_t{0}, uint32_t{0}, uint32_t{0}, uint32_t{0}}};

        set_client_message_data(event.data, length, data);
        xcb_send_event(
            xcb_connection,
            0, // Don't propagate
            window,
            event_mask,
            reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&event));
    }
};
}
}

#endif // MIR_FRONTEND_XCB_CONNECTION_H
